Introduction: The Conceptual Confusion that Costs Millions
Distinguish productivity, efficiency and utilisation through explicit outputs, resources and comparison bases.
WORKSAMP · LEARNING RESOURCES
Tools, organization and context for putting a study into practice.
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Distinguish productivity, efficiency and utilisation through explicit outputs, resources and comparison bases.
Distinguish attendance records from activity studies and understand the decisions each tool can support.
Use observations to analyse staffing needs alongside demand, quality, safety and service variability.
Compare productivity across processes while accounting for products, resources, scope and contextual differences.
Relate activity observations to environmental conditions without replacing occupational risk assessment or inferring causation.
Check time standards against comparable data, accounting for method, rating, allowances and variability.
Convert time proportions into equivalent hours using an explicit time base without treating them as realised savings.
Estimate maintenance time distribution and distinguish direct work, support, waiting and service outcomes.
When to complement or replace work sampling: rare events, cycle times, precision and limits of observation.
Interpret ILO and Bedaux rating scales, their reference performance levels and the limits of observational rating.
Present activity data in labour discussions while respecting context, uncertainty and individual rights.
Choose an initial proportion for study planning and understand the limits of adapting the sample from a pilot.
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